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A |
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ABS |
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene - plastic material used to manufacture cards
that are resistant to heat distortion. |
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AES |
Advanced
Encryption Standard - a security algorithm used increasingly as an alternative
to DES. |
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ADPU |
Application Protocol Data Unit - The fundamental data unit exchanged between
terminal and card. Contains a command from the terminal or response from
a card. |
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API |
Application
Programming Interface - An established convention for accessing services
such as a card operating system, a smartcard reader, etc.. from an application
program. |
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Applet |
Smartcard code that can be downloaded and used in a JAVA Card. |
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ATR |
Answer to Reset - String of data sent by a smartcard after being reset. |
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B |
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BasicCard |
An operating
system for smartcards. |
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C |
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CAP
file
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Converted
Applet File - The standard file format representing application code to
be loaded into the EEPROM of a JAVA Card.
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Chip
|
A
piece of silicon etched with an electronic circuit.
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Coercivity |
A
measure of the strength of a magnetic field. Fields are expressed as low
or high by the terms LoCo and HiCo.
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Combi-card
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Holding
both contact and contactless technology on one card
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Contact |
A
point of electrical connection between a smart card and its external interface
device.
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Contact
Card |
Any
card where information is transferred to a reader via a series of contact
points located on the card.
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Contactless
Card |
Smart
card which transfers data using radio frequency technology via a transmitter
and receiver. |
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D |
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Degaussing |
Magnetic
stripe data erasure.
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Digitizing |
Conversion
of non-textual data to digital form.
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Dual
Interface Card |
Conversion
of non-textual data to digital form.
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E |
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EEPROM
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Electrically
Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory - The equivalent of a hard drive
for a smartcard.
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Electronic
Purse |
Smart
card stored value program.
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Embossing |
Characters
in relief on the front surface of a card.
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Encoding |
Recording
electronic information on to a magnetic stripe.
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Encryption |
Transferring
information based on a key to make it intelligible to unauthorized parties.
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F |
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G |
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GSM |
Global
System for Mobile Communication, a widely used digital mobile phone standard. |
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H |
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Hologram |
A flat
optical image which looks three-dimensional to the naked eye. |
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Holographic
foil |
The foil
used to carry embossed holographic images. |
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I |
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Initialization |
Programming
a smart card chip with data that is the same for a batch of cards. |
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ID
Card |
Card
which identifies both the bearer and the issuer. All financial transaction
cards are ID cards. |
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ISO |
International
Standards Organization - central body for formation and dissemination of
industry standards for all national standards bodies. |
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ISO
7816
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The
base standard for smartcards. Required reading for anyone in the industry.
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Issuer |
An
individual or organization that issues identification cards to individual
or corporate cardholders. |
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J |
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Java
Card
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A
smartcard card that supports applications written in JAVA.
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K |
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L |
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Lithography
or Offset Printing |
Most common process for plastic card printing based on the concept that
oil and water are not compatible. The ink represents the oil and the alkaline
fountain solution represents the water. These are the two main components
which must interact during the printing process, allowing the ink to adhere
to the image area of a printing plate while the fountain solution repels
the ink from the non-image area.
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Lamination |
Using
plates on a press to fuse the various layers of a plastic card together. |
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M |
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Magnetic
Stripe |
The
strip of magnetic recording material on an ID card.
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Multi-application
Card |
Smart
card that can handle a variety of applications. |
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N |
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O
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Oersted |
The
unit of magnetic coercive force used to define difficult of erasure of magnetic
material. |
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Off-line
|
A
transaction via paper or reader not connected to a central system. |
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On-line |
A
transaction on a terminal permanently connected to a network that is on-line
to the card account.
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Optical
Card |
Card
with information recorded on an optical memory stripe, similar to compact
disks.
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P |
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Personalization |
Printing,
encoding and programming a card with data specific to an individual cardholder.
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Prepaid
Card |
A
card paid for at point of sale permitting the holder to buy goods and services
up to the prepaid value. |
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Proximity
Card |
A
contactless card whose presence and data can be sensed by an interface device
not in physical contact with the card. |
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PVC |
Polyvinyl
chloride, the most widely used plastic material for ID cards. |
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Q |
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R |
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Radio
Frequency Card (RFID) |
A
proximity card in which the coupling between the card and the interface
device is by radio. |
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S |
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Screen
Printing |
Method
in which ink is forced through a design-bearing screen made of silk or other
material onto the substrate being printed. |
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Signature
Panel |
The
area of an ID card where the cardholder enters a signature. |
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SIM |
Subscriber
Identification Module: the smart card necessary for the operation of GSM
phones. |
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Skimming |
Copying
the magnetic stripe encoding from one card to another. |
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Smart
Card |
(aka
Chip Card, IC Card): A plastic credit card sized card that contains one
or more semiconductor chips. In the capability category, there are three
types: Memory Card: smart card that stores and retrieves serial "streams"
of data that are sent to or received from the semiconductor chip. Protected
Memory Card: smart card that requires a secret code or PIN number to be
entered before the data can be sent to or received from the semiconductor
chip. Microprocessor Card: contains a microprocessor chip with a microcode
that defines a command structure, a data file structure and a security structure
in the card. |
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SET |
(Secure
Electronic Transaction) A MasterCard/Visa backed standard to allow safe
Internet trading via encryption certification of all parties involved in
a transaction. |
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Stored
Value Card |
(aka
cash card, electronic purse, prepaid card) A financial card that is loaded
with a certain amount of money with each purchase amount deducted from the
card. |
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Substrate |
Material
upon which a plastic card is printed. |
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T |
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U |
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UV
Printing |
Printing
with ink visible only under ultraviolet light. |
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V |
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W |
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Weigand
Wire |
Magnetic
media embedded in cards for access control applications. |
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© 2007 Versatile Card Technology, Inc.
a Vmark company. All rights reserved.
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